Drüse

Drüse is a German word that translates to "gland" in English. In biology, a gland is an organ in the human or animal body that produces and secretes substances which perform a specific function in the body. These substances, called secretions, can include hormones, enzymes, sweat, mucus, and digestive juices.

There are two main types of glands: exocrine glands and endocrine glands. Exocrine glands secrete their products through ducts onto an epithelial surface, either externally onto the skin or internally into a body cavity or lumen. Examples include sweat glands, salivary glands, and mammary glands. Endocrine glands, on the other hand, secrete their products directly into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. These secretions are hormones, which travel through the body to target cells and regulate various physiological processes. Examples of endocrine glands include the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands.

Glands play crucial roles in numerous bodily functions. They are essential for digestion, metabolism, growth, reproduction, immune response, and maintaining homeostasis, the body's stable internal environment. Dysfunctions of glands can lead to various health conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and hormonal imbalances. The study of glands and their secretions is known as endocrinology.