Dihydrogenfosfat

Dihydrogenfosfat, also known as hydrogen phosphate or phosphoric acid, is a chemical compound with the formula H2PO4-. It is a dihydrogen phosphate ion, which is a polyatomic ion consisting of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. The ion carries a negative charge of one, resulting from the presence of two hydrogen atoms attached to one of the oxygen atoms.

Dihydrogenfosfat is a conjugate base of phosphoric acid, which can donate a proton to form the dihydrogen phosphate ion. It is also the conjugate acid of the hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO4^2-). In aqueous solutions, dihydrogenfosfat exists in equilibrium with other phosphate species, depending on the pH of the solution.

The dihydrogenfosfat ion plays a crucial role in various biological and chemical processes. In biological systems, it is a component of nucleotides and nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. It is also involved in energy transfer processes, such as the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP. In chemical reactions, dihydrogenfosfat can act as a reducing agent or a ligand in coordination complexes.

Dihydrogenfosfat can be prepared by the reaction of phosphoric acid with a base, such as sodium hydroxide. It can also be obtained by the hydrolysis of phosphorus pentoxide or phosphorus trioxide. The ion is stable in aqueous solutions and can be isolated as salts, such as sodium dihydrogenfosfat or potassium dihydrogenfosfat.