DNSprotokolla

DNSprotokolla, or Domain Name System protocol, is a fundamental protocol of the Internet that translates human-readable domain names into IP addresses, which are used by computers to identify each other on the network. It operates on port 53 using both TCP and UDP protocols. The DNS protocol is defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035, which describe the protocol's structure and operation.

The DNS system is hierarchical and distributed, consisting of multiple levels of domain name servers. At the top of the hierarchy are the root name servers, which direct queries to the appropriate top-level domain (TLD) servers, such as .com, .org, or .net. These TLD servers then direct queries to the authoritative name servers for specific domains.

When a user types a domain name into a web browser, the DNS resolver on the user's device sends a query to a local DNS server, which may have the IP address cached. If not, the query is forwarded to a root name server, then to a TLD server, and finally to the authoritative name server for the domain. The authoritative name server provides the IP address, which is then returned to the user's device and used to establish a connection to the desired website.

DNSprotokolla is crucial for the functioning of the Internet, as it enables users to access websites and other online services using memorable domain names instead of numerical IP addresses. It also supports various types of DNS records, such as A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, and TXT, which are used to store different types of information about a domain.