DNAdikorjauksiin

DNAdikorjauksiin, which translates to DNA repair in Finnish, refers to the biological processes cells use to fix damage to DNA molecules. DNA is the blueprint of life, and errors can occur due to various internal and external factors, including replication errors, radiation, and exposure to certain chemicals. If left unrepaired, DNA damage can lead to mutations, which can have severe consequences, such as cancer or other diseases.

There are several major DNA repair pathways, each designed to address different types of damage. Base excision repair is a common pathway that corrects single damaged bases. Nucleotide excision repair handles larger lesions that distort the DNA helix. Mismatch repair corrects errors made during DNA replication. Double-strand break repair is crucial for fixing breaks in both strands of the DNA molecule, which are particularly dangerous.

These repair mechanisms are essential for maintaining genomic stability and ensuring the proper functioning of cells and organisms. The efficiency of DNA repair can be influenced by factors such as age and environmental exposures. Research into DNA repair mechanisms is ongoing and holds significant implications for understanding diseases and developing therapeutic strategies.