Cyclosarin

Cyclosarin, also known as NC, is a highly toxic chemical warfare agent belonging to the organophosphate class. Its chemical formula is C7H16F2O2P. Cyclosarin is a nerve agent, meaning it interferes with the normal functioning of the nervous system by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This inhibition leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter, at nerve synapses, causing overstimulation of nerves and muscles.

Exposure to cyclosarin can occur through inhalation, skin absorption, or ingestion. Symptoms of exposure can range from mild effects such as miosis (pupil constriction), rhinorrhea (runny nose), and chest tightness, to severe effects including muscle twitching, paralysis, convulsions, respiratory failure, and death. The onset of symptoms can be rapid, depending on the route and dose of exposure.

Due to its extreme toxicity and potential for misuse, cyclosarin is classified as a Schedule 1 chemical under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). The CWC prohibits the development, production, stockpiling, and use of such agents. Production and possession of cyclosarin are therefore illegal for most states and entities. Research and development of cyclosarin are restricted to purposes consistent with the CWC, such as protection against chemical weapons.