CuSO45H2On

CuSO45H2On is not a standard or recognized chemical formula. The common hydrated form of copper(II) sulfate is copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, which has the chemical formula CuSO4·5H2O. This compound is a bright blue crystalline solid that readily dissolves in water. It is often referred to as blue vitriol or bluestone.

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate is widely used in various applications. It serves as a fungicide and algaecide in agriculture and water treatment, helping to control unwanted plant and microbial growth. It is also employed in electroplating baths to deposit copper onto surfaces. In laboratories, it is used as a reagent for qualitative analysis and as a source of copper ions. Historically, it has been used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and as a preservative for wood.

The compound's hydrated nature is crucial to its properties. The five water molecules are incorporated into the crystal structure. When heated, CuSO4·5H2O loses its water of crystallization, transforming into anhydrous copper(II) sulfate (CuSO4), which is a white powder. This dehydration process is reversible; adding water back to the anhydrous form will regenerate the pentahydrate. Due to the potential toxicity of copper compounds, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.