Csontozatot

Csontozatot is a Hungarian term that translates to "skeleton" or "skeletal system" in English. It refers to the complete framework of bones and cartilage that supports and protects the body of a vertebrate. The skeleton serves several vital functions, including providing structural support, enabling movement through its attachment to muscles, protecting internal organs, producing blood cells in the bone marrow, and storing minerals like calcium and phosphorus.

The human skeleton, for example, consists of 206 bones at adulthood, though this number can vary slightly due to fused bones or the presence of accessory bones. It is broadly divided into two main parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column (spine), and rib cage, which form the central axis of the body. The appendicular skeleton comprises the bones of the limbs (arms and legs) and the girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton, namely the pectoral (shoulder) girdle and the pelvic girdle.

Bones themselves are living tissues that are constantly being remodeled. They are made up of a hard outer layer called compact bone and a spongy inner layer called cancellous bone. Cartilage, a flexible connective tissue, is found at joints, providing cushioning and allowing for smooth movement. The study of bones and the skeletal system is known as osteology. Diseases and conditions affecting the csontozatot can range from fractures and arthritis to osteoporosis and congenital deformities.