Craneoencefálica

Craneoencefálica, also known as craniocerebral trauma or head injury, refers to damage to the brain and skull caused by an external force. This damage can range from a mild concussion, characterized by temporary disruption of brain function, to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), which can result in permanent disability or death.

The primary causes of cranioencefálica include falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and sports-related injuries. The impact can lead to various types of brain damage, such as contusions (bruising of the brain), lacerations (tearing of brain tissue), and diffuse axonal injury (widespread damage to nerve fibers). Hematomas, or bleeding within the skull, are also common and can increase pressure on the brain.

Symptoms of cranioencefálica vary widely depending on the severity and location of the injury. Mild injuries may cause headaches, dizziness, confusion, and memory problems. More severe injuries can lead to loss of consciousness, seizures, paralysis, and significant cognitive and behavioral changes. Prompt medical evaluation is crucial for any suspected head injury, as timely diagnosis and treatment can significantly impact the outcome. Treatment strategies depend on the nature and extent of the injury and may involve observation, medication, surgery, or rehabilitation.