Cefosforilatsiooni

Cefosforilatsioon is a process in which a phosphate group is transferred from a donor molecule, typically ATP (adenosine triphosphate), to a specific hydroxyl group of a substrate molecule. This reaction is catalyzed by enzymes known as kinases, which play a crucial role in various biological processes. The phosphate group acts as a functional modifier, altering the activity, stability, or localization of the substrate protein. Cefosforilatsioon is a reversible process, with the reverse reaction, dephosphorylation, being catalyzed by phosphatases. This dynamic regulation of protein phosphorylation is essential for cellular signaling, gene expression, and metabolic processes. Abnormalities in phosphorylation pathways have been linked to numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. Understanding the mechanisms and regulation of phosphorylation is therefore of significant interest in biomedical research.