CSgas

CS gas, also known as 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile, is a chemical irritant widely used as a non-lethal incapacitating agent. It is a potent lachrymatory agent, meaning it causes temporary blindness and intense tearing of the eyes. Its effects are not limited to the eyes; CS gas also irritates the skin, nose, and throat, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, and a burning sensation.

The chemical compound was first synthesized in 1928 by Ben Corson and Roger Stoughton at the University of California, Berkeley, hence the "CS" designation. It was later developed by the U.S. military in the 1950s and 1960s for use as a riot control agent. CS gas is typically dispersed as an aerosol from grenades, canisters, or projectors. The particles vaporize and come into contact with mucous membranes, triggering an irritant response.

While considered non-lethal, exposure to high concentrations or prolonged periods can lead to more severe health issues, including respiratory distress, chemical burns, and, in rare cases, death, particularly for individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions. Decontamination typically involves removing the exposed individual from the affected area, flushing the eyes and skin with water, and seeking medical attention if symptoms persist. Its use is regulated internationally, and its deployment in warfare is prohibited under the Chemical Weapons Convention.