C3Fotosynthese

C3 photosynthesis is the most common pathway for carbon fixation in plants, accounting for approximately 95% of plant species. This process is named after the three-carbon molecule, 3-phosphoglycerate, which is the first stable compound formed after carbon dioxide is incorporated into an organic molecule. The process begins with the enzyme RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) catalyzing the reaction between carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). This initial reaction produces two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. These molecules then enter the Calvin cycle, where they are further reduced and rearranged to produce glucose, a sugar that serves as the plant's primary energy source and building block. C3 photosynthesis occurs in the mesophyll cells of leaves, within organelles called chloroplasts. While efficient under moderate temperatures and ample water availability, C3 plants can experience photorespiration, a wasteful process that occurs when RuBisCO binds to oxygen instead of carbon dioxide. This is more prevalent in hot, dry conditions, leading to reduced photosynthetic efficiency. Examples of C3 plants include rice, wheat, and most trees.