Brachialartären

The brachial artery is a major blood vessel in the upper limb of the human body. It is the primary artery supplying oxygenated blood to the arm and is a continuation of the axillary artery. The brachial artery begins at the inferior border of the teres major muscle, where it replaces the axillary artery. It then travels down the medial side of the upper arm, accompanied by the median nerve and basilic vein.

Throughout its course, the brachial artery gives off several branches, including the profunda brachii artery, which supplies the posterior muscles of the upper arm, and the superior and inferior ulnar collateral arteries, which contribute to blood supply around the elbow joint. As the brachial artery approaches the elbow, it typically bifurcates into its two terminal branches: the radial artery and the ulnar artery. These two arteries then continue down the forearm, supplying blood to the forearm, wrist, and hand.

The brachial artery is a common site for measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. The pulse of the brachial artery can also be felt easily, making it a useful landmark for medical professionals. In certain surgical procedures or in cases of injury, the brachial artery may be involved, requiring specific medical interventions. Its consistent location and significant blood flow make it a critical vessel in the circulatory system of the upper limb.