Blóðþrýstingsfalli

Blóðþrýstingsfalli, also known as hypotension, is a medical condition characterized by blood pressure that is significantly lower than normal. This can lead to insufficient blood flow to the brain and other vital organs, potentially causing symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, blurred vision, and nausea. In severe cases, it can result in shock.

There are several causes of blóðþrýstingsfalli. These can include dehydration, significant blood loss, certain medications, heart problems, endocrine disorders, and severe infections. It can also occur temporarily in response to prolonged standing, standing up too quickly (orthostatic hypotension), or after eating a large meal. For some individuals, low blood pressure may be a normal variation without any adverse health effects.

Diagnosis typically involves measuring blood pressure, often in different positions to check for orthostatic changes. A doctor will also inquire about symptoms and medical history, and may order further tests to identify the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the cause and severity. Mild cases may not require treatment, while more serious instances may involve addressing dehydration, adjusting medications, or treating underlying medical conditions. Lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fluid and salt intake (under medical supervision), can also be recommended.