Biomoleküle

Biomoleküle, also known as biological molecules or organic molecules of life, are the essential chemical compounds that are found in living organisms and are involved in their structure, function, and reproduction. These molecules are primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. There are four major classes of biomolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates serve as primary energy sources and structural components. Lipids, or fats, are crucial for energy storage, cell membrane formation, and hormone signaling. Proteins are highly versatile molecules that perform a vast array of functions, including acting as enzymes, structural elements, transporters, and antibodies. Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, are the carriers of genetic information, directing the synthesis of proteins and the inheritance of traits. These biomolecules interact in complex pathways and networks to maintain life processes. Their study is fundamental to understanding biology and medicine.