Biguanidiryhmään

Biguanidiryhmään refers to a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of two linked guanidine groups. Guanidine itself is a strong base with the chemical formula (NH2)2C=NH. In biguanides, two such units are joined together, typically by a single covalent bond or a bridging atom. The most well-known biguanide is metformin, a widely prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes. Other biguanides have also been explored for their pharmacological properties, though metformin remains the dominant example. The general structure of a biguanide can be represented as R2N-C(=NR)-NH-C(=NR)-NR2, where R represents hydrogen or various organic substituents. The specific arrangement and nature of these substituents significantly influence the chemical and biological properties of the biguanide molecule. The basicity of the guanidine groups contributes to the chemical reactivity and interactions of biguanides with biological targets. Research into biguanides continues, seeking to understand their mechanisms of action and to develop new derivatives with improved efficacy or reduced side effects for various therapeutic applications.