Bielkovinou

Bielkovinou, also known as protein, is a fundamental macronutrient essential for life. It is composed of chains of amino acids, which are the building blocks that determine the protein's specific structure and function. Proteins play a vast array of roles in the body, including structural support for tissues like muscles, skin, and bones, as well as enzymatic activity, where they catalyze biochemical reactions. They are also crucial for transporting molecules, signaling within cells, and providing immune defense.

The human body cannot synthesize all the necessary amino acids; those that must be obtained from the diet are called essential amino acids. Therefore, a balanced diet including sources of complete protein, which contain all essential amino acids, is vital for maintaining health. Common dietary sources of protein include meat, poultry, fish, dairy products, eggs, legumes, nuts, and seeds.

During digestion, dietary proteins are broken down into individual amino acids, which are then absorbed and used by the body to build and repair its own proteins. The specific sequence of amino acids dictates how a protein folds into its three-dimensional shape, which in turn determines its function. Disruptions in this folding process can lead to loss of function and, in some cases, disease. Proteins are a major component of cells and are involved in nearly every biological process.