Bencoding
Bencoding is a simple binary-safe data serialization format created for the BitTorrent protocol. It encodes four data types — byte strings, integers, lists and dictionaries — using a compact, easy-to-parse syntax that is suitable for network transmission and small file metadata.
A byte string is encoded as <length>:<data>, where length is a base-10 ASCII number describing the number
Bencoding is widely used in .torrent files and in BitTorrent peer exchanges for representing metadata and protocol