Basepárokban

Basepárokban is a Hungarian term that translates to "in base pairs." It refers to the fundamental units of heredity found in DNA and RNA. A base pair consists of two nitrogenous bases that are linked together by hydrogen bonds. In DNA, the four bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine always pairs with thymine (A-T), and guanine always pairs with cytosine (G-C). This specific pairing is known as complementary base pairing. In RNA, uracil (U) replaces thymine, so adenine pairs with uracil (A-U), and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C).

The sequence of these base pairs along a DNA or RNA molecule carries the genetic information. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins, and the order of base pairs determines the order of amino acids in a protein. The structure of the DNA double helix, where two strands are held together by these complementary base pairs, is crucial for DNA replication and stability. Understanding base pairs is fundamental to molecular biology, genetics, and biotechnology, as it underlies processes like gene expression, mutation analysis, and DNA sequencing.