BRCA2geeneissä

BRCA2 is a human gene that provides instructions for making a protein called breast cancer 2, early onset. This protein is involved in DNA repair. It helps fix damaged DNA, which is crucial for preventing cells from growing and dividing uncontrollably. The BRCA2 protein works in a pathway that repairs breaks in double-stranded DNA.

Mutations in the BRCA2 gene can impair its ability to repair DNA properly. These faulty BRCA2 genes are inherited, meaning they are passed down from a parent to a child. Individuals who inherit a mutated BRCA2 gene have a significantly increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. The most well-known are breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer.

Having a mutation in BRCA2 does not guarantee that a person will develop cancer, but it substantially elevates their lifetime risk. Genetic testing can identify if an individual carries a harmful BRCA2 mutation. If a mutation is found, medical professionals can recommend increased screening and preventative strategies to help detect cancer earlier or reduce the risk of developing it. Research into BRCA2 mutations is ongoing to better understand their role in cancer development and to develop targeted therapies.