ArteriolenVenenKanäle

ArteriolenVenenKanäle, also known as arteriovenous shunts or AV shunts, are direct connections between small arteries (arterioles) and small veins (venules) that bypass the capillary network. These shunts are a normal anatomical feature in certain tissues, particularly in the skin, where they play a crucial role in thermoregulation. In response to cold, these shunts constrict, reducing blood flow to the skin surface and minimizing heat loss. Conversely, when the body needs to dissipate heat, the shunts dilate, increasing blood flow to the skin and facilitating heat radiation.

Beyond thermoregulation, AV shunts are also found in other locations, such as the glomerulus of the kidney, where they contribute to filtration processes. In some pathological conditions, such as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), abnormal AV shunts can develop. These malformations can lead to significant hemodynamic disturbances, increased blood flow, and potential complications like bleeding or organ damage. The presence and function of ArteriolenVenenKanäle are vital for maintaining physiological homeostasis in various parts of the body.