Anthophyta

Anthophyta is the taxonomic division encompassing all flowering plants. This group is characterized by the presence of flowers, which are the reproductive structures of these plants. Flowers typically contain either male parts (stamens producing pollen) or female parts (carpels containing ovules), or both. Following pollination and fertilization, these ovules develop into seeds, which are enclosed within a fruit. The development of flowers and fruits represents a significant evolutionary innovation that has contributed to the immense diversity and widespread success of Anthophyta. Fossil evidence suggests that flowering plants originated during the Cretaceous period. They are the dominant plant life in most terrestrial ecosystems today, forming the base of many food webs and providing essential resources for numerous animal species. Anthophyta is further divided into two major classes: Monocotyledones (monocots) and Dicotyledones (dicots), distinguished by characteristics such as the number of cotyledons (seed leaves) in the embryo, leaf venation patterns, and floral organ arrangement.