Aminosäuremangelkrankheiten

Aminosäuremangel refers to a deficiency in one or more essential amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and essential amino acids are those that the body cannot synthesize on its own and must obtain from the diet. A lack of these crucial compounds can disrupt various bodily functions.

The causes of amino acid deficiency can be varied. Inadequate dietary intake, particularly in diets low in protein or those lacking diversity, is a primary reason. Malabsorption issues in the digestive system, such as those seen in conditions like celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease, can also prevent the body from absorbing amino acids effectively. Certain metabolic disorders can also lead to increased amino acid requirements or impaired utilization.

The symptoms of amino acid deficiency can manifest in several ways. General signs may include fatigue, weakness, and a compromised immune system. More specific symptoms can depend on which amino acid is deficient. For instance, a deficiency in certain branched-chain amino acids can affect muscle growth and repair, while a lack of tryptophan might contribute to mood disturbances. Growth retardation in children is also a significant concern.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of dietary assessment, medical history, and sometimes blood or urine tests to measure amino acid levels. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and ensuring adequate intake of essential amino acids through dietary modifications or supplementation.