Amdinocillin

Amdinocillin, also known as amdinocillin pivoxil when administered orally, is a beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the penicillin group. It is a synthetic derivative of ampicillin and exhibits a unique spectrum of activity, particularly against certain Gram-negative bacteria. Its mechanism of action, like other penicillins, involves inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins.

Amdinocillin has demonstrated efficacy against a range of pathogens, including strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis. Its activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa is generally limited. It is typically administered intravenously for more severe infections, while the pivoxil ester form is used for oral administration.

The drug is primarily used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and certain types of sepsis caused by susceptible microorganisms. Due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, amdinocillin's use may be guided by susceptibility testing. Potential side effects are generally similar to other penicillins and can include gastrointestinal disturbances and allergic reactions. Resistance to amdinocillin can develop through mechanisms such as the production of beta-lactamase enzymes by bacteria.