Alveolárháræða

Alveolárháræða refers to the microscopic blood vessels that surround the alveoli in the lungs. These capillaries are exceptionally thin, typically only one cell thick, which is crucial for efficient gas exchange. The wall of the alveolus and the wall of the capillary are in very close contact, forming what is known as the respiratory membrane. This membrane is the barrier across which oxygen from inhaled air passes into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide from the blood passes into the alveoli to be exhaled. The vast surface area created by millions of alveoli, coupled with the extensive network of alveolar capillaries, maximizes the efficiency of this vital respiratory process. Blood flow through these capillaries is also regulated to match the rate of ventilation, further optimizing oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal. Any condition that impairs the structure or function of these capillaries can significantly affect lung function and gas exchange.