AFILS

AFILS stands for Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems. These are automated systems used by law enforcement and other agencies to compare and identify fingerprints. AFILS rely on algorithms to capture, store, and search vast databases of fingerprint records. When a new fingerprint is captured, the system extracts unique minutiae points, such as ridge endings and bifurcations, and compares these patterns against its stored collection. A match is typically flagged when a certain threshold of similarity is met.

The primary function of AFILS is to aid in criminal investigations by identifying suspects from latent prints found at crime scenes or by verifying identities during booking procedures. They can also be used for non-criminal purposes, such as background checks for employment or security clearances. The accuracy and efficiency of AFILS have significantly improved over the years with advancements in technology, including the transition from manual card-based systems to digital databases. However, challenges remain, including the quality of latent prints and the potential for misidentification. Ongoing research focuses on improving algorithm robustness and reducing false positives and negatives.