ADPribozilasyonu

ADPribozilasyonu is a crucial post-translational modification in which one or more ADP-ribose moieties are transferred from NAD+ to a target protein. This process is catalyzed by a family of enzymes known as ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs). ADPribozilasyonu can involve the addition of a single ADP-ribose unit (mono-ADPribozilasyonu) or a chain of ADP-ribose units (poly-ADPribozilasyonu). The target residues for ADPribozilasyonu are typically acidic amino acids such as aspartate and glutamate, as well as serine, threonine, and cysteine.

The biological roles of ADPribozilasyonu are diverse and fundamental to cellular function. Poly-ADPribozilasyonu, in particular, plays a significant role in DNA repair, genomic stability, and cell death pathways. It is activated by DNA strand breaks and helps recruit repair proteins to the damaged site. Mono-ADPribozilasyonu is involved in a wider range of processes, including protein secretion, signal transduction, and gene regulation.

Dysregulation of ADPribozilasyonu is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases. Consequently, ADPribozilasyonu has become a target for therapeutic interventions. Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a key enzyme in poly-ADPribozilasyonu, have shown promise as anti-cancer agents, particularly in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapy. Research continues to uncover the intricate mechanisms and diverse functions of this vital protein modification.