ADPribosyltransferaasientsyymeillä

ADPribosyltransferases are a diverse group of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of one or more ADP-ribose moieties from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to a specific target molecule. This process is known as ADP-ribosylation. ADP-ribosylation can occur on various nucleophilic residues, including amino acids like aspartate, glutamate, arginine, cysteine, and serine, as well as on phosphate groups. The type of target residue and the resulting modification are dependent on the specific ADPribosyltransferase.

ADP-ribosylation plays a crucial role in a wide array of cellular processes. These include DNA repair, transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, protein folding, and cell cycle control. The reversibility of ADP-ribosylation, mediated by ADP-ribosylhydrolases, allows for dynamic regulation of these cellular pathways. Dysregulation of ADP-ribosylation has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions, making ADPribosyltransferases important targets for therapeutic intervention.