ACO1

ACO1, also known as aconitase 1, is a mitochondrial enzyme that plays a crucial role in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. This cycle is a central metabolic pathway in aerobic organisms, responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP. Specifically, ACO1 catalyzes the reversible isomerization of citrate to isocitrate. This seemingly simple reaction is vital for the efficient progression of the citric acid cycle and subsequent ATP production.

Beyond its direct role in energy metabolism, ACO1 has also been implicated in cellular iron homeostasis. The enzyme is known to bind iron-sulfur clusters, and its activity is sensitive to iron levels. Dysregulation of ACO1 has been linked to various conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases and certain types of cancer. Research continues to explore the multifaceted functions of ACO1 and its potential as a therapeutic target. Its expression levels and enzymatic activity can be influenced by cellular stress and metabolic state, highlighting its importance as a regulatory node within cellular metabolism.