14dihidropiridin

14dihydropyridine, also known as 1,4-dihydropyridine, is a heterocyclic organic compound. It is a reduced form of pyridine, a six-membered aromatic ring containing one nitrogen atom. In 1,4-dihydropyridine, the saturation occurs at the 1 and 4 positions of the pyridine ring, breaking its aromaticity. This structural change significantly alters its chemical properties compared to pyridine.

The 1,4-dihydropyridine scaffold is a crucial structural motif found in various biologically active molecules. Most notably, it is the core structure of the dihydropyridine class of calcium channel blockers. These drugs are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, angina, and certain arrhythmias. Examples include nifedipine, amlodipine, and felodipine. These medications work by blocking L-type calcium channels, which reduces the influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle cells and cardiac cells, leading to vasodilation and decreased heart contractility.

Beyond their pharmacological applications, 1,4-dihydropyridines are also important intermediates in organic synthesis. They can be synthesized through various methods, including the Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis. Their ability to act as reducing agents, particularly in the transfer of hydrogen, makes them valuable in certain chemical reactions. The study of 1,4-dihydropyridine chemistry continues to be an active area of research, exploring new synthetic routes and potential therapeutic applications.