1305

The year 1305 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. In England, Piers Gaveston, a favorite of King Edward II, was exiled for the first time. Scotland saw William Wallace, a prominent leader in the First War of Scottish Independence, captured and then executed in London for treason. The Papal States saw the election of Pope Clement V, who would later move the papacy from Rome to Avignon, beginning the Avignon Papacy. In the Mongol Empire, the reign of Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty in China, concluded with his death. The Yuan Dynasty continued to rule China under his successors. The Kingdom of Castile experienced internal political developments, with Ferdinand IV ascending to the throne. Within the Holy Roman Empire, the period of the Great Interregnum, a time of disputed imperial succession, was largely over, though its effects lingered. This year marked a period of significant political and dynastic shifts across Europe and Asia, with consequences that would shape regional powers for decades to come.