12verschiebung

The 12-vertex icosahedral fullerenes, also known as 12-vertex or 12-gonal, refer to a series of buckyballs that are structural analogues of the conventional C60 fullerene molecule. These fullerenes have the same icosahedral symmetry as C60 but contain 12 vertices instead of 6. The use of 12-vertex icosahedral fullerenes (12-v) dates back to research in the 1990s on large Fullerenes and their multiples.

12-v fullerenes allow researches to investigate the relationship between the number of vertices and the stability of fullerenes, an original goal that Raymond Bader started in the 1990s. Their structure gives them unique properties compared to their stable 60-vertex counterpart, C60. In particular, 12-v fullerenes are expected to exhibit different reactivity patterns, due to the reduced symmetry of their structures. However, they also have a different regime of bond orders which define enhanced stiffness and bonding across some specific vesicles when calculated with maximum bond ordering.