110Phenanthroliini

1,10-Phenanthroline, often abbreviated as phen, is a heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula C12H8N2. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in water and common organic solvents. 1,10-Phenanthroline is a bidentate ligand, meaning it can bind to metal ions through two nitrogen atoms. This chelating ability makes it a significant compound in coordination chemistry.

Its primary use is as a ligand in coordination complexes with various transition metals, including iron, copper, and ruthenium. These complexes have found applications in diverse fields. For instance, iron(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complexes are known for their intense red color and are used in spectrophotometric analysis to determine iron concentrations. In catalysis, phenanthroline-based complexes can act as catalysts in organic reactions.

Beyond analytical and catalytic roles, 1,10-phenanthroline and its derivatives have been investigated for their potential biological activities. Some studies explore their interactions with DNA and their use in developing chemotherapeutic agents or as fluorescent probes for biological imaging. The compound's rigid, planar structure and its ability to form stable complexes contribute to its wide range of applications in chemistry and related disciplines.