0x1012

0x1012 is a hexadecimal number. In the decimal system, it is equivalent to 4114. Hexadecimal, or base-16, uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values. Each digit in a hexadecimal number corresponds to a power of 16. For 0x1012, this calculation is (0 * 16^3) + (1 * 16^2) + (0 * 16^1) + (2 * 16^0), which simplifies to (0 * 4096) + (1 * 256) + (0 * 16) + (2 * 1) = 0 + 256 + 0 + 2 = 258. This is incorrect. Let's re-calculate.

The hexadecimal number 0x1012 is interpreted as follows:

The '0x' prefix indicates that the number is in hexadecimal format.

The digits are 1, 0, 1, and 2.

The positional values are powers of 16, starting from the rightmost digit as 16^0.

So, 0x1012 = (1 * 16^3) + (0 * 16^2) + (1 * 16^1) + (2 * 16^0)

= (1 * 4096) + (0 * 256) + (1 * 16) + (2 * 1)

= 4096 + 0 + 16 + 2

= 4114

In computer science and programming, hexadecimal notation is frequently used for representing memory addresses, character encodings, and raw data due to its compact representation and direct correspondence to binary numbers. Each hexadecimal digit represents exactly four binary digits (bits). For instance, 1 is 0001 in binary, 0 is 0000, and 2 is 0010. Therefore, 0x1012 in binary would be 0001 0000 0001 0010. This conversion is useful for understanding the underlying bit patterns of data.