Újraegyesítés

Újraegyesítés is a Hungarian term that denotes the act of reuniting divided political entities, territories, or communities that were once united but became separated by borders, conflict, or ideological divisions. The expression is used in history, politics, and international relations to describe processes in which previously separate parts are brought together again under a single political authority or state.

The most prominent modern reference in Hungarian discourse is the reunification of Germany in 1990. After decades of division following World War II, a series of political changes and reform movements led to negotiations between East and West Germany, and with the Allied powers. The process included the monetary, economic and social union in July 1990, followed by the formal political unification on 3 October 1990. A key framework was the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany (Two Plus Four) signed in 1990, which resolved issues of sovereignty, borders, and Germany’s international status, allowing the creation of a single German state. Reunification brought significant political and legal transformation, as well as major economic integration, while also presenting social and regional disparities that continued to be addressed in the following decades.

Beyond Germany, újraegyesítés can refer to other attempts to reintegrate divided regions or states, or broader processes of reconciliation and reintegration within a country, such as restorative political arrangements after conflict. The term emphasizes the restoration of a unitary political or social whole after a period of division.