ózonkibocsátást

Ózonkibocsátás refers to the release of ozone (O3) into the atmosphere. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms, and its presence and concentration in the atmosphere vary significantly depending on its location.

In the stratosphere, ozone is beneficial and forms the ozone layer, which absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This stratospheric ozone depletion is a concern due to the release of ozone-depleting substances.

However, ozone can also be considered a pollutant when it exists in the troposphere, the lowest layer of the atmosphere. Tropospheric ozone is a secondary pollutant, meaning it is not directly emitted but forms through chemical reactions. These reactions involve precursor pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight. Major sources of these precursors include emissions from vehicles, industrial processes, and the combustion of fossil fuels.

Tropospheric ozone is a key component of smog and can have detrimental effects on human health, causing respiratory problems such as asthma and bronchitis. It also damages vegetation, impacting crop yields and forest ecosystems. Controlling ózonkibocsátás in the troposphere involves reducing emissions of its precursor pollutants. International agreements and national regulations aim to limit these emissions to mitigate the negative impacts of ground-level ozone.