yliäänilento

Yliäänilento refers to flight that exceeds the speed of sound. The speed of sound is approximately 343 meters per second (1,235 kilometers per hour or 767 miles per hour) at sea level and 20 degrees Celsius, but it varies with temperature and altitude. When an aircraft travels at or above the speed of sound, it generates shock waves. These shock waves can cause a sonic boom, which is a loud noise heard on the ground.

The concept of supersonic flight has been a significant area of research and development in aviation since the mid-20th century. Early pioneers and engineers worked to overcome the aerodynamic challenges associated with breaking the sound barrier, such as increased drag and instability. The Bell X-1 aircraft, piloted by Chuck Yeager, famously achieved the first supersonic flight in 1947.

Supersonic aircraft are designed with specific aerodynamic features, including swept wings and sharp leading edges, to manage shock waves and reduce drag. These aircraft are used in both military and civilian applications. Military aircraft, such as fighter jets, utilize supersonic speed for tactical advantages. Civilian supersonic transport (SST) aircraft, like the Concorde, offered faster travel times across long distances but faced economic and environmental challenges, leading to their eventual retirement from commercial service. Current research continues to explore quieter and more efficient supersonic and hypersonic (speeds five times the speed of sound or more) technologies.