vöðvunum

Vöðvunum is the plural dative form of the Icelandic word vöðvi, which translates to "muscle" in English. In the context of anatomy and physiology, vöðvunum refers to muscles or groups of muscles when they are the indirect object of a verb or the object of a preposition. For example, one might say that nutrients are supplied to the vöðvunum, meaning nutrients are supplied to the muscles. This grammatical case is used to indicate the recipient or target of an action that is not directly affected by it.

Icelandic grammar utilizes a system of four cases: nominative, accusative, dative, and genitive. The dative case, as seen in vöðvunum, plays a crucial role in sentence structure, indicating relationships between words. Understanding the function of the dative case is essential for comprehending how Icelandic sentences are formed and how the meaning of words changes based on their grammatical role. Therefore, vöðvunum specifically denotes muscles within a grammatical construction where they are the indirect recipient of an action.