victoribus

Victoribus is a Latin form that functions as the plural dative or plural ablative of the masculine noun victor, meaning “conqueror” or “winner.” The base noun victor belongs to the third declension. Its standard paradigm includes singular: victor (nom.), victoris (gen.), victori (dat.), victorem (acc.), victore (abl.); and plural: victors (nom.), victorum (gen.), victoribus (dat./abl.), victores (acc.). Thus victoribus appears in Latin as the form used for objects or instruments in the plural dative or plural ablative.

In Latin usage, victor refers to someone who has overcome opponents or achieved victory. The form victoribus is common in inscriptions, historical texts, and legal or ceremonial language where a plural indirect object or a plural means by which an action is performed is indicated. For example, Pacem dedit victoribus translates to “He gave peace to the victors,” illustrating the dative plural function. It can also express agency or means when used in the ablative plural sense, as in phrases like gloria victoribus or munera victoribus, depending on context and syntax.

Etymologically, victor comes from a root meaning “conqueror” and has given rise in many languages to words such as victory and victorious. In English and other languages, victor remains a key root in discussing competition, war, and triumph, while victoribus itself is strictly a Latin grammatical form used within appropriate cases and numbers.

See also: victor, victoria, victorious.