tümdengelimden

Tümdengelim, also known as deductive reasoning, is a logical process where a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true. It is a form of reasoning that moves from the general to the specific. If all premises are true and the reasoning is valid, then the conclusion must also be true.

A classic example of tümdengelim is: Premise 1: All men are mortal. Premise 2: Socrates is a man. Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal. In this example, the premises are accepted as true, and the structure of the argument ensures that the conclusion logically follows.

Tümdengelim is fundamental to deductive logic and is widely used in mathematics, philosophy, and scientific inquiry. It allows for the derivation of specific predictions from general theories, which can then be tested empirically. If the specific predictions are falsified, it suggests that either the premises or the reasoning process might be flawed.

The validity of a deductive argument depends on its form, not necessarily on the truth of its premises. An argument can be deductively valid even if its premises are false. However, in the context of establishing knowledge, the goal is typically to have both valid reasoning and true premises, leading to a sound argument and a true conclusion. Tümdengelim stands in contrast to tümevarım (inductive reasoning), which moves from specific observations to broader generalizations.