tömegáramlása

Tömegáramlás refers to the mass of a substance that passes through a particular cross-sectional area per unit of time. It is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, and various engineering disciplines. The unit for mass flow rate in the International System of Units (SI) is kilograms per second (kg/s).

The calculation of mass flow rate is typically derived from the continuity equation, which states that mass is conserved. For a fluid flowing through a pipe or channel, mass flow rate (ṁ) can be expressed as the product of the fluid's density (ρ), its cross-sectional area (A), and its average velocity (v): ṁ = ρAv. This formula highlights that mass flow rate is influenced by how dense the fluid is, how large the area it flows through is, and how fast it is moving.

Understanding mass flow rate is crucial in many applications. In engines, it determines how much fuel and air are combusted, directly impacting power output. In chemical processes, it is essential for controlling reaction rates and ensuring the correct stoichiometry of reactants. In weather forecasting, it helps model the movement of air masses and predict precipitation. Flow meters are instruments specifically designed to measure mass flow rate, providing vital data for process control and monitoring. Variations in mass flow rate can indicate changes in system performance, leaks, or blockages.