tsytotoksiset

Tsytotoksiset refers to substances or processes that are toxic to cells. This term originates from the Greek words "kytos" (cell) and "toxikon" (poison). Cytotoxic agents can cause damage or death to cells through various mechanisms.

In biological and medical contexts, cytotoxicity is a crucial concept. Many cancer treatments, for example, rely on cytotoxic drugs. These drugs are designed to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. However, because they target cells that divide quickly, they can also affect healthy cells, leading to side effects. Examples of such drugs include chemotherapy agents like cisplatin and paclitaxel.

Cytotoxicity can also be a natural biological process. The immune system utilizes cytotoxic T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, to identify and destroy infected or cancerous cells. This is a vital defense mechanism for maintaining health.

Assessing cytotoxicity is important in toxicology and pharmacology. Researchers use various in vitro and in vivo assays to measure the toxic effects of compounds on cells. These assays help determine the safety and potential harmfulness of chemicals, drugs, and other substances. Understanding the mechanisms of cytotoxicity is also key to developing new therapeutic strategies and predicting potential adverse reactions.