totipotentních

Totipotentní is a Czech term referring to cells that have the complete potential to differentiate into all cell types of an organism, including extraembryonic tissues such as the placenta. These are the earliest cells in embryonic development. The most prominent examples of totipotent cells are the zygote, the single cell formed by the fusion of a sperm and egg, and the cells of the early embryo, up to approximately the 8-cell stage in mammals.

Once an embryo develops beyond this early stage, cells begin to lose their totipotency. They become pluripotent, meaning they can differentiate into all cell types of the body but not into extraembryonic tissues. Further differentiation leads to multipotent cells, which can differentiate into a limited range of cell types within a specific lineage, and finally to unipotent cells, which can only differentiate into one cell type. Understanding totipotency is fundamental to developmental biology and has significant implications for stem cell research and regenerative medicine.