toidupõhi

Toidupõhi refers to the fundamental components of food that provide nourishment to living organisms. These components are broadly categorized into macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients are required in larger quantities and include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy, found in grains, fruits, and vegetables. Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues, and are abundant in meat, dairy, legumes, and nuts. Fats are crucial for energy storage, insulation, and hormone production, present in oils, nuts, and animal products.

Micronutrients, needed in smaller amounts, encompass vitamins and minerals. Vitamins are organic compounds vital for various bodily functions, such as immune support and metabolism, found in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Minerals are inorganic elements that play roles in bone health, nerve function, and fluid balance, found in a wide range of foods including dairy, leafy greens, and meats. Water, while often considered separately, is also a critical component of the diet, essential for hydration and numerous physiological processes. The balance and diversity of these food bases are key to maintaining good health and preventing deficiencies.