terpeenoidi

Terpenoids are a diverse group of organic compounds produced by plants, fungi, and some bacteria. They are characterized by the presence of one or more isoprene units, which are five-carbon building blocks. Terpenoids are responsible for many of the fragrant and flavorful properties of plants, and they also have various biological activities, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Terpenoids can be classified into several categories based on the number of isoprene units they contain and their structural features. Monoterpenoids, for example, contain two isoprene units, while sesquiterpenoids contain three. Diterpenoids and triterpenoids contain four and five isoprene units, respectively. Some well-known terpenoids include limonene (a monoterpenoid found in citrus fruits), beta-carotene (a carotenoid, which is a type of terpenoid), and taxol (a diterpenoid used in cancer treatment). Terpenoids are of significant interest in the fields of pharmacology, agriculture, and food science due to their potential health benefits and applications in various industries.