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Statelessness is a condition in which an individual or group lacks a recognized state of citizenship. This can occur due to various reasons, including political instability, conflict, or the absence of a state's recognition of a particular group. Statelessness can have significant implications for individuals and communities, affecting their rights, access to services, and overall well-being.

There are two main types of statelessness: de jure statelessness, where an individual is not recognized as a citizen of any state, and de facto statelessness, where an individual is recognized as a citizen of one state but not another. Statelessness can also be categorized based on the individual's age at the time of statelessness: primary statelessness occurs when an individual is born stateless, while secondary statelessness occurs when an individual becomes stateless after birth.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has been a key advocate for addressing statelessness. The UNHCR defines statelessness as a situation in which a person lacks any effective means of legal identification in any state. The UNHCR's efforts include providing assistance to stateless individuals, advocating for their rights, and working with states to address the root causes of statelessness.

Addressing statelessness requires a multifaceted approach, including legal reforms, international cooperation, and support for affected individuals and communities. Statelessness can be a complex and sensitive issue, and addressing it requires a nuanced understanding of the specific circumstances and needs of those affected.