sphenopalatineartären

The sphenopalatine artery, also known as the posterior superior alveolar artery or the artery of the pterygoid canal, is a terminal branch of the maxillary artery. It originates within the pterygopalatine fossa and passes posteriorly through the sphenopalatine foramen to enter the nasal cavity. Within the nasal cavity, it divides into two main branches: the nasal branches and the septal branches. The nasal branches supply the posterior and superior aspects of the lateral nasal wall, including the superior and middle nasal conchae. The septal branches descend onto the nasal septum, contributing to its vascularization. The sphenopalatine artery is a significant contributor to the blood supply of the nasal mucosa, particularly in the posterior region. It also sends branches to the palatine tonsil and the soft palate. Its close proximity to the nasal septum and the posterior nasal wall makes it a common source of significant epistaxis (nosebleeds). The artery's anatomy and its role in nasal vascularization are important considerations in nasal surgery and the management of recurrent nosebleeds. Variations in its branching pattern and course are also documented in anatomical studies.