sosialisaatio

Sosialisaatio is a fundamental sociological concept referring to the lifelong process through which individuals learn and internalize the norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors of their society or group. This process enables individuals to become functioning members of their social world. It begins in infancy and continues throughout life, adapting to new social contexts and roles.

Primary socialization typically occurs within the family, where individuals acquire basic language skills, social behaviors, and the initial understanding of their culture. As individuals grow, they encounter secondary socialization in institutions such as schools, peer groups, and the workplace. These environments teach more specific knowledge, skills, and social expectations relevant to particular roles and societal structures.

Agents of socialization are the individuals, groups, and institutions that influence a person's development. These include family, friends, teachers, religious leaders, media, and even broader cultural trends. The effectiveness of socialization depends on the interactions and experiences an individual has with these agents.

Through socialization, individuals develop a sense of self, learn how to interact with others, and acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to navigate their social environment. It is a dynamic process, as individuals are not merely passive recipients but actively interpret and respond to the social world around them, sometimes challenging or modifying existing norms and values.