silmakoopa

Silmakoopa, also known as the orbital cavity or eye socket, refers to the bony structure within the skull that houses the eyeball and its associated structures. It is a complex region formed by the articulation of several cranial bones. The primary bones contributing to the orbit are the frontal bone superiorly, the zygomatic bone laterally and inferiorly, the maxilla inferiorly, the ethmoid bone medially, the lacrimal bone medially and anteriorly, the sphenoid bone posteriorly and laterally, and the palatine bone posteriorly.

The orbit serves multiple crucial functions. Its primary role is to protect the delicate eyeball from external injury. The bony walls provide a robust shield against trauma. Beyond protection, the orbit also houses and supports the muscles that control eye movement, known as the extraocular muscles. It contains the lacrimal gland, responsible for producing tears that lubricate and cleanse the eye, as well as the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. Blood vessels and adipose tissue are also found within the orbital cavity, providing nourishment and cushioning.

The shape and dimensions of the orbit can vary slightly between individuals and sexes. Conditions affecting the orbit can range from infections and inflammation to tumors and trauma, potentially impacting vision and eye function. Understanding the anatomy and contents of the silmakoopa is essential in ophthalmology and neurosurgery.