rpoBmutaties

RpoB mutations refer to alterations in the gene that encodes the beta subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This enzyme is essential for transcription, the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. The rpoB gene is highly conserved across bacterial species, highlighting its critical role.

Mutations in rpoB can have significant consequences for bacterial physiology and antibiotic resistance. One of the most well-known associations is with resistance to rifampicin, a crucial antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis and other bacterial infections. Rifampicin targets the beta subunit of RNA polymerase, and specific rpoB mutations can prevent the drug from binding effectively, leading to drug resistance.

Beyond antibiotic resistance, rpoB mutations can also affect the efficiency and fidelity of transcription. Some mutations may lead to altered gene expression patterns, impacting bacterial growth, metabolism, and virulence. Researchers study rpoB mutations to understand fundamental aspects of transcription and to track the evolution of antibiotic resistance. Identifying specific rpoB mutations can also be important for clinical diagnostics, aiding in the selection of appropriate antibiotic therapies.