retikuloendoteliálního

Reticuloendoteliální is a term that refers to the reticuloendothelial system, also known as the mononuclear phagocyte system or the macrophage system. This system is a network of cells found throughout the body, primarily in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow, that are responsible for phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is the process by which cells engulf and remove foreign particles, cellular debris, and pathogens.

The cells that make up the reticuloendothelial system are predominantly macrophages and their precursors, monocytes. These cells are characterized by their ability to differentiate from circulating monocytes into tissue-resident macrophages, which then perform their specialized functions. In the liver, these cells are known as Kupffer cells, in the spleen they are splenic macrophages, and in the lymph nodes they are lymph node macrophages.

The primary function of the reticuloendothelial system is to play a crucial role in the immune defense of the body. It acts as a scavenger, clearing the bloodstream and tissues of unwanted materials. This includes removing aged red blood cells, bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. By engulfing and breaking down these materials, the reticuloendothelial system helps to maintain tissue homeostasis and prevent the spread of infection. It is also involved in initiating immune responses by presenting antigens to lymphocytes.